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Vol. 44 No. 4, 2005
A Molecular Phylogeny of Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) Inferred from Mitochondrial 16S rDNA Sequences
Wen-Bin Yeh1, Chung-Tu Yang1, and Cho-Fat Hui2,*
1Department of Entomology, Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 402. Tel: 886-4-22840799 ext. 555. Fax: 886-4-22875024
2Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology , Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 115. Tel: 886-2-27899512. Fax: 886-2-27858059
Wen-Bin Yeh, Chung-Tu Yang, and Cho-Fat Hui (2005) Phylogenetic
reconstruction of family relationships within the superfamily
Fulgoroidea was conducted based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial
16S rDNA gene. Sequences of 569 bases of the 3, end of the gene from 59
populations representing 53 species within 15 families were analyzed.
Ranges of the 16S rDNA nucleotide divergences within species were
0%-0.6%, those among species of a given genus were 1.7%-7.8%, and those
among genera of the same tribe or subfamily were 8.1%-19.5%.
Scatterplots of total substitutions (Tvs) against transversions (Tv),
or transitions (Ts) of the 16S rDNA gene revealed that the mutation
rate of Tv was 3 times higher than Ts, and substitutional saturation
has not yet been reached. Phylogenetic reconstruction and bootstrap
confidence analysis revealed several basal lineages and 1 advanced
group. The basal lineages included 5 families, where the Cixiidae
exhibited close affinity to the Delphacidae, while the phylogenetic
positions of the Achilidae, Meenoplidae, and Lophopidae were ambiguous.
Monophyly of the remaining 10 advanced families showed several
subdivided family groups with close affinities of the Derbidae to the
Tropiduchidae, Dictyopharidae to the Fulgoridae, and Ricaniidae to the
Eurybrachidae. The ancestral lineage of the Tettigometridae which
exhibits many ancestral morphological characters was not supported by
the 16S rDNA sequence data analysis, and the relationship of the
families Flatidae and Nogodinidae was poorly resolved. In addition, the
Issidae was not shown to be monophyletic, although issid members at the
subfamily level were well supported.
Key words: Molecular phylogeny, Mitochondrial 16S rDNA, Hemiptera, Fulgoroidea.
*Correspondence: Tel: 886-2-27899512. Fax: 886-2-27858059. E-mail: scfhui@yahoo.com
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