Vol. 51 No. 4, 2012
Historical Biogeography of the Genus Cyriocosmus (Araneae: Theraphosidae) in the Neotropics According to an Event-Based Method and Spatial Analysis of Vicariance
Nelson Ferretti1,*, Alda González1, and Fernando Pérez-Miles2
1Centro
de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores CEPAVE (CCT- CONICET- La
Plata) (UNLP), Calle 2 N° 584, (1900) La Plata, Argentina.
E-mail:asgonzalez@cepave.edu.ar
2Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Entomología, Montevideo, Uruguay. E-mail:myga@fcien.edu.uy
Nelson Ferretti, Alda González, and Fernando Pérez-Miles (2012) The distributional history of the South American endemic genus Cyriocosmus
(Araneae, Theraphosidae) was reconstructed, and a spatial analysis of
vicariance was conducted. Results obtained with the software RASP
(Reconstruct Ancestral State in Phylogenies), suggest that Cyriocosmus
originated within an area currently represented by the biogeographical
subregions of the Amazonian and Paramo Punan. We found 3 vicariant
nodes: the 1st into the Amazonian-Caribbean, the 2nd into the
Caribbean, and the 3rd into the Amazonian-Parana, Amazonian-Chacoan,
and Amazonian-Parana and Chacoan. Using the Vicariance Inference
Program we found that 1 vicariant node different from that obtained
with RASP, and the hypothetical barriers for the clade were represented
by the Voronoi lines in South America. In order to interpret
biogeographical events that affected the genus Cyriocosmus,
these results are contrasted with major geological events that occurred
in South America, and also with previous biogeographical hypotheses.
Key words: Neotropical, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosid, Ancestral area, Vicariant barrier.
*Correspondence: E-mail:nferretti@conicet.gov.ar
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