Vol. 63, 2024
(update: 2024.5.3)
Ancient Endemic or Recent
Invader? Phylogenetic Position and the Probable Origin of the Cladoceran Diaphanosoma
macedonicum (Diplostraca, Sididae) from the Ancient Lakes in the
Balkans
Charo
López-Blanco1,2,*,
Ohrideja Tasevska3,
Goce Kostoski3, Eduardo Vicente4,
Laura S. Epp5,
and Antonio García-Alix2
doi:10.6620/ZS.2024.63-09
1Justus
Liebig University Giessen, Department of Animal Ecology and
Systematics, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 (IFZ). D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
*Correspondence: E-mail: Charo.Lopez-Blanco@allzool.bio.uni-giessen.de (López-Blanco)
2Department of Stratigraphy and Paleontology,
University of Granada, Avda, Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
E-mail: agalix@ugr.es (García-Alix)
3Department of Zooplankton, Hydrobiological Institute,
Naum Ohridski 50, 6000 Ohrid, Northern Macedonia. E-mail:
orhidejat@hio.edu.mk (Tasevska); gocekos@hio.edu.mk (Kostoski)
4Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of
Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain. E-mail:
eduardo.vicente@uv.es (Vicente)
5Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz,
Mainaustraße 252 78464 Konstanz / Egg, Germany. E-mail:
laura.epp@uni-konstanz.de (Epp)
(Received 24 July 2023 /
Accepted 13 January 2024 / Published -- 2024)
Communicated by Ka Hou Chu
Ancient
lakes contain unique and very vulnerable fauna. Determining and
understanding the origin of such biodiversity is a key factor in
promoting conservation and management actions in some of the most
singular ecosystems on the planet. Lake Ohrid in the Balkans is known
as a natural laboratory for speciation, containing a high number of
endemic species. However, the identity and origin of the planktonic
cladoceran Diaphanosoma is
uncertain. Representatives of the genus were long considered to have
invaded the lake, but recent morphological studies have suggested that
they belonged to the endemic taxon in the Balkans, D. macedonicum. Here, phylogenetic methods based on two mitochondrial gene fragments (COI and 16S) were used to identify Diaphanosoma
specimens from the ancient Lake Ohrid and Lake Prespa in the Balkans
and compare them with other species in Europe, including those living
in nearby water bodies. Molecular evidence showed that D. macedonicum was constrained to the ancient lakes Ohrid, Prespa, and Mikri Prespa, which suggests reproductive isolation within the lakes.
Phylogenetic analyses supported previous morphological assessments and situated D. macedonicum within the D. mongolianum species group, which contains three sibling species (D. mongolianum, D. lacustris, and D. macedonicum). Nuclear markers are needed to study intraspecific gene flow in these organisms and discard a potential formation of hybrids.
Key words: Ancient lakes, DNA barcoding, Lake
Ohrid, Lake Prespa, Endemicity
Citation: López-Blanco C, Tasevska O,
Kostoski G, Vicente E, Epp LS, García-Alix A. 2024. Ancient endemic or
recent invader? Phylogenetic position and the probable origin of the cladoceran Diaphanosoma macedonicum
(Diplostraca, Sididae) from the ancient lakes in the Balkans. Zool Stud
63:09. doi:10.6620/ZS.2024.63-09.
Supplementary
materials: Supplementary
data 1丨Supplementary
data 2
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