Vol. 63, 2024

(update: 2024.7.11)

Taxonomic Study of Sycoscapter Saunders (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Associated with Monoecious Ficus in Taiwan, with Description of Four New Species

Po-An Chou¹, Wen-Bin Yeh², Zhi-Hui Su³, and Hsy-Yu Tzeng^1,*

¹Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145 Xinda Rd., Taichung City 40227, Taiwan. *Correspondence: E-mail: erecta@nchu.edu.tw (Tzeng), Fax: +86 04 2287 3628
    E-mail: hut23939889@gmail.com (Chou)
²Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145 Xinda Rd., Taichung City 40227, Taiwan. E-mail: wbyeh@nchu.edu.tw (Yeh)
³JT Biohistory Research Hall, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1125, Japan. E-mail: su.zhihui@brh.co.jp (Su)

(Received 2 February 2024 / Accepted 26 June 2024 / Published -- 2024)
Communicated by Y. Miles Zhang

As a prominent group of nonpollinating fig wasps widely distributed in the paleotropics, Sycoscapter Saunders has been subjected to limited taxonomic attention. This study presents the first comprehensive taxonomic investigation of Sycoscapter wasps associated with five Taiwanese monoecious fig species, employing both molecular and morphological methods. Phylogenetic analyses using COI and COI+28S data revealed the presence of five species associated with monoecious figs in Taiwan and neighboring regions: Sycoscapter gajimaru (Ishii), Sycoscapter piceoscapus Chou & Tzeng sp. nov., Sycoscapter monticola Chou & Tzeng sp. nov., Sycoscapter ishiianus Chou & Tzeng sp. nov., and Sycoscapter littoralis Chou & Tzeng sp. nov. Morphologically, these five Sycoscapter species possessed distinctive characteristics, including the male head shape, which distinguished them from related species. Furthermore, males of all five species exhibited rudimentary wing vestiges, commonly found in wasps associated with monoecious figs but absent in those associated with dioecious figs. Overall, this study enriches our understanding of chalcidoid fauna in Taiwan and provides insight into the mechanisms that sustain intricate ecosystems.

Key words: Fig wasp, Sycoryctinae, Sycoryctini, Rudimentary wing, symbiosis

Citation: Chou PA, Yeh WB, Su ZH, Tzeng HY. 2024. Taxonomic study of Sycoscapter Saunders (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) associated with monoecious Ficus in Taiwan, with description of four new species. Zool Stud 63:34.

We follow the code of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, taxonomic papers with new species/genus descriptions will not have early view version.

Supplementary materials: Table S1丨Fig. S1丨Fig. S2