A New Genus and Species of the
Spring-endemic Ostracoda and its Population Structure
The importance: We describe the ostracod Lissostrandesia fonticola
gen. et sp. nov. in the subfamily Cypricercinae McKenzie, 1971,
collected from six rheocrenic springs in Japan. Morphological
differences we observed were enough to warrant establishment of a new
tribe, Lissostrandesiini, to accommodate the new genus. We present a
key to the genera in Cypricercinae. The populations sampled were
separated by up to 1000 km, and some of them by one or two marine
straits, which comprise significant barriers for freshwater animals.
The maximum p-distance for COI gene among six local populations was
0.662%, a low value indicative of conspecificity. In addition, four
populations with sample sizes of 13–21 individuals shared two main COI
haplotypes, indicating high apparent connectivity.

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