Vol. 64, 2025

Investigating Bark and Ambrosia Beetle Communities in Apple Orchards of East Java, Indonesia

Hagus Tarno^1,2,*, Yogo Setiawan^1,2, Desna Ayu Mentari

¹Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia. * Correspondence: E-mail: h_gustarno@ub.ac.id (Tarno)
E-mail: y_setiawan@ub.ac.id (Setiawan); desnaayumentari@gmail.com (Mentari)
²The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
³Laboratory of Forest Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 21-24 1-Chome Korimoto Kagoshima City Kagoshima, Japan. E-mail: khata@agri.kagoshima-u.ac.jp (Hata)
⁴Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China. E-mail: jgwang@jxau.edu.cn (Wang)

(Received 5 October 2024 / Accepted 29 May 2025 / Published -- 2025)
Communicated by Jen-Pan Huang

Bark and ambrosia beetles are major pests in fruit tree orchards worldwide. In this study, we aimed to investigate bark and ambrosia beetle communities present in apple orchards in East Java, Indonesia. We sampled bark and ambrosia beetle communities using ethanol-baited traps in two different cropping systems, i.e., polyculture and monoculture. We collected 353 individuals representing four tribes, 13 genera, and 16 species of both beetles. The most abundant species was Xylosandrus morigerus (Blanford), indicating that this species may be well established in apple orchards. Bark and ambrosia beetle abundance and species richness in apple orchards were higher in the polyculture cropping system. Nevertheless, apple orchards surrounded by a high number of forest patches (in a radius of one kilometer) were more at risk of being invaded by bark and ambrosia beetles than those surrounded by a lower number of forest patches. Continued monitoring of bark and ambrosia beetles on apple orchards could play a significant role in the early detection and the development of proactive measures for sustainable pest management.

Keywords: Scolytinae, Xyleborini, monitoring, apple orchard, ethanol-baited bottle trap

Citation: Tarno H, Setiawan Y, Mentari DA, Hata K, Wang J. 2025. Investigating bark and ambrosia beetle communities in apple orchards of East Java, Indonesia. Zool Stud 64:33.

Supplementary materials: Fig. S1丨Fig. S2丨Fig. S3丨Fig. S4丨Table S1丨Table S2