So Shimizu
Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1–1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657–8501, Japan.
Kaoru Maeto
Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1–1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657–8501, Japan.
Communicated by Y. Miles Zhang
A new Darwin wasp species, Ophion kobensis Shimizu sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae), has been described using the integrated morphological and molecular species delimitation approaches. Our results indicated that the new species is closely related to European O. ventricosus Gravenhorst, 1829 of the O. minutus species-group but can be distinguished using morphological characters, such as entirely black body colour with some light-yellow marks and not inclined epicnemial carina in lateral view. The record of the new species represents the first record of the species-group from Japan and the Far East. Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that the O. minutus species-group was weakly recovered as monophyletic and sister to Ophion s. str. and two clades within the O. minutus species-group (O. minutus and O. ventricosus clades) diverged significantly. This suggests that the species-group, as well as the two included clades, could potentially be treated as separate species-groups or genera. The present study supports previous integrative taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of Ophion and is the first fundamental step for future studies of the challenging Japanese and Far Eastern Ophion.
Supplementary materials
The complete result of the bPTP molecular species delimitation test of
Ophion kobensis Shimizu sp. nov. among the genus
Ophion, based on the maximum likelihood
CO1 gene topology reconstructed by IQ-TREE2. Stripes indicate delimited molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs), and stripe colours indicates a degree of the Bayesian supports of posterior probabilities (PP) to delimited species. Pie charts on each node indicate nodal support of SH-aLRT ≥ 0.80 and/or UFBoot2 ≥ 0.95. The
O.
minutus species- group is indicated as a colored clade.
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The complete maximum likelihood
CO1 gene phylogeny of the genus
Ophion based on bPTP MOTUs.
(
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The final multiple sequence alignment dataset for the bPTP molecular species delimitation test of
Ophion kobensis Shimizu sp. nov. among the genus
Ophion based on DNA barcodes. The dataset consists of 616 haplotypes (= sequences) and 567 bp in length.
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The most supported result of the bPTP molecular species delimitation test of
Ophion kobensis Shimizu sp. nov. among the genus
Ophion based on DNA barcodes. A total of 199 MOTUs were delimited.
(
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The final multiple sequence alignment dataset for the maximum likelihood
CO1 gene phylogenetic analysis of the genus
Ophion based on bPTP MOTUs. The dataset consists of 214 sequences (199 from the bPTP MOTUs of the
Ophion, 13 of the other ophionine genera, and two of the non-ophionines) and 555 bp in length.
(
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